/* ===================================================================
   JBSAPS - Reusable Components (components.css)
   Buttons, Badges, Cards, Forms, Modals, Footer, Page sections
   =================================================================== */

/* ===================================
   1. BUTTONS
   =================================== */
.btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.8rem 1.6rem;
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    transition: all 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
    cursor: pointer;
    white-space: nowrap;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    line-height: 1;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.btn-primary {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a3a4a 0%, #0f2a38 100%);
    color: var(--white);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(26, 58, 74, 0.25);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(26, 58, 74, 0.35);
    color: var(--white);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f2a38 0%, #081820 100%);
}

.btn-outline {
    background: transparent;
    border-color: var(--teal);
    color: var(--teal);
}

.btn-outline:hover {
    background: var(--teal);
    color: var(--white);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.btn-light {
    background: var(--white);
    color: var(--navy);
}

.btn-light:hover {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    color: var(--teal);
}

/* Outline variant for dark backgrounds */
.btn-ghost {
    background: transparent;
    border-color: #1a3a4a;
    color: #1a3a4a;
    border: 2px solid #1a3a4a;
    box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 0 rgba(26, 58, 74, 0.1);
}

.btn-ghost:hover {
    background: #f5f9fb;
    color: #1a3a4a;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(26, 58, 74, 0.15);
}

.btn-lg {
    padding: 1rem 2.2rem;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.btn-sm {
    padding: 0.55rem 1.1rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.btn-block {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
}

/* ===================================
   2. BADGES & PILLS
   =================================== */
.badge {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.85rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.3px;
}

.badge-teal {
    background: rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.12);
    color: var(--teal-dark);
}

.badge-gold {
    background: rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.15);
    color: #B45309;
}

.badge-green {
    background: rgba(5, 150, 105, 0.12);
    color: #047857;
}

.badge-light {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    color: var(--white);
}

/* Hero small badge */
.pill-badge {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    padding: 0.45rem 1rem;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

/* Category badges for article cards */
.cat-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.cat-research {
    background: rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.12);
    color: var(--cat-research);
}

.cat-review {
    background: rgba(139, 92, 246, 0.12);
    color: var(--cat-review);
}

.cat-case {
    background: rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.15);
    color: #B45309;
}

.cat-editorial {
    background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.12);
    color: var(--cat-editorial);
}

/* Keyword pills */
.keyword-pill {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.4rem 0.9rem;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--teal-dark);
    border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin: 0.25rem 0.25rem 0.25rem 0;
}

/* ===================================
   3. ARTICLE CARDS
   =================================== */
.article-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-lg);
}

.article-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: var(--space-lg);
    transition: var(--transition);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%;
}

.article-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-color: transparent;
}

.article-card .card-top {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
}

.article-card .card-date {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.article-card h3 a {
    color: var(--navy);
}

.article-card h3 a:hover {
    color: var(--teal);
}

.article-card .authors {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--teal-dark);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 1;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.article-card .abstract {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.article-card .card-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    padding-top: var(--space-sm);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-light);
}

/* Filter Tabs */
.filter-tabs {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-2xl);
}

.filter-tab {
    padding: 0.6rem 1.3rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.filter-tab:hover {
    color: var(--teal);
    border-color: var(--teal);
}

.filter-tab.active {
    background: var(--gradient-teal);
    color: var(--white);
    border-color: transparent;
}

/* ===================================
   4. CATEGORY / SPECIALTY GRID
   =================================== */
.category-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-md);
}

.category-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: var(--space-lg) var(--space-sm);
    text-align: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.category-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-color: var(--teal);
}

.category-card .cat-icon {
    width: 64px;
    height: 64px;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-sm);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    background: var(--bg-light);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.category-card:hover .cat-icon {
    background: var(--gradient-teal);
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.category-card .cat-name {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--navy);
}

/* ===================================
   5. FEATURE CARDS (Why Publish) - PREMIUM
   =================================== */
.feature-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-lg);
}

.feature-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: var(--space-xl);
    transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(10, 22, 40, 0.05);
}

.feature-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 3px;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #0891B2 0%, #06B6D4 100%);
    transform: scaleY(0);
    transform-origin: top;
    transition: transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
}

.feature-card::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    width: 1px;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.3) 0%, transparent 100%);
}

.feature-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.15);
    border-color: rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.2);
}

.feature-card:hover::before {
    transform: scaleY(1);
}

.feature-icon {
    width: 72px;
    height: 72px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.1) 0%, rgba(6, 182, 212, 0.1) 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
    transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
    border: 1px solid rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.1);
}

.feature-card:hover .feature-icon {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0891B2 0%, #06B6D4 100%);
    transform: scale(1.1) rotate(-5deg);
    border-color: #0891B2;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.2);
}

.feature-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--navy);
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.feature-card p {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    flex-grow: 1;
    margin: 0;
}

.feature-card::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -1px;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 1px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.2), transparent);
}

/* ===================================
   6. EDITOR CARDS
   =================================== */
.editor-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-lg);
}

.editor-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: var(--space-lg);
    text-align: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.editor-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-color: var(--teal);
}

.editor-avatar {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-sm);
    background: var(--gradient-navy);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--white);
    border: 4px solid var(--bg-light);
}

.editor-card .editor-name {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--navy);
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
}

.editor-card .editor-cred {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--teal);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}

.editor-card .editor-inst {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.editor-card .editor-orcid {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.3rem;
    margin-top: 0.6rem;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    color: #A6CE39;
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* ===================================
   7. CURRENT ISSUE HIGHLIGHT
   =================================== */
.current-issue {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.4fr;
    gap: var(--space-2xl);
    align-items: center;
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: var(--space-xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.issue-cover {
    background: var(--gradient-hero);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: var(--space-2xl) var(--space-lg);
    color: var(--white);
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.issue-cover .ic-journal {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
}

.issue-cover .ic-vol {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--teal-light);
    line-height: 1;
}

.issue-cover .ic-issue {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin: 0.5rem 0;
}

.issue-cover .ic-date {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.issue-toc h3 {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.toc-list li {
    padding: var(--space-sm) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
}

.toc-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.toc-list a {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.toc-list a:hover {
    color: var(--teal);
}

.toc-list .toc-num {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--teal);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.toc-list .toc-title {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

/* ===================================
   8. NEWS / ANNOUNCEMENTS
   =================================== */
.news-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-lg);
}

.news-card {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-md);
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: var(--space-lg);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.news-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.news-date {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 64px;
    height: 64px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    background: var(--gradient-teal);
    color: var(--white);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    line-height: 1;
}

.news-date .day {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
}

.news-date .month {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.news-content h4 {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}

.news-content h4 a {
    color: var(--navy);
}

.news-content h4 a:hover {
    color: var(--teal);
}

.news-content p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* ===================================
   9. INDEXING STRIP
   =================================== */
.indexing-strip {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: var(--space-xl);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
}

.index-logo {
    padding: var(--space-md) var(--space-lg);
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    transition: var(--transition);
    min-width: 150px;
    text-align: center;
}

.index-logo:hover {
    color: var(--teal);
    border-color: var(--teal);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

/* ===================================
   10. NEWSLETTER
   =================================== */
.newsletter {
    background: var(--gradient-navy);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: var(--space-2xl);
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--white);
}

.newsletter h2 {
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.newsletter p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
}

.newsletter-form {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    max-width: 520px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.newsletter-form input {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 0.9rem 1.25rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    border: none;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    outline: none;
}

.form-error {
    color: var(--gold-light);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
    display: none;
}

/* ===================================
   11. FORMS
   =================================== */
.form-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: var(--space-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.form-group {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.form-group label {
    display: block;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--navy);
}

.form-control {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
    border: 1.5px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    transition: var(--transition);
    outline: none;
    background: var(--white);
}

.form-control:focus {
    border-color: var(--teal);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.1);
}

textarea.form-control {
    resize: vertical;
    min-height: 140px;
}

.form-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-md);
}

.form-check {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* ===================================
   12. AUTH PAGES
   =================================== */
.auth-wrap {
    min-height: calc(100vh - 73px);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: var(--space-2xl) 1.5rem;
    background: var(--bg-light);
}

.auth-card {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 460px;
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: var(--space-2xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.auth-card h1 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.auth-card .auth-sub {
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.auth-foot {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: var(--space-lg);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.auth-social-proof {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: var(--space-md);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--teal);
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* ===================================
   13. PAGE HEADER (inner pages)
   =================================== */
.page-header {
    background:
        linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.08) 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 100%),
        var(--white);
    color: var(--text-dark);
    padding: var(--space-2xl) 0 var(--space-xl);
    text-align: left;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.page-header::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 64px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--gold);
    border-radius: 999px;
    left: max(var(--space-md), calc((100vw - 1200px) / 2 + var(--space-md)));
    bottom: 0;
}

.page-header h1 {
    color: var(--navy);
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 3vw, 2.75rem);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.page-header p {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 1rem;
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.breadcrumb {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-top: var(--space-md);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.breadcrumb a {
    color: var(--teal);
    font-weight: 700;
}

.breadcrumb span {
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* ===================================
   14. ACCORDION - PREMIUM ARCHIVES
   =================================== */
.accordion-item {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(10, 22, 40, 0.05);
    position: relative;
}

.accordion-item::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #0891B2 0%, #06B6D4 100%);
    transform: scaleY(0);
    transform-origin: top;
    transition: transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg) 0 0 var(--radius-lg);
}

.accordion-item.active::before {
    transform: scaleY(1);
}

.accordion-item:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(10, 22, 40, 0.12);
    border-color: rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.2);
}

.accordion-item.active {
    border-color: rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.35);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 34px rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.12);
}

.accordion-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: var(--space-lg) var(--space-xl);
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--navy);
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0) 0%, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.02) 100%);
    user-select: none;
}

.accordion-header:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.05) 0%, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.08) 100%);
    color: #0891B2;
}

.accordion-header:focus-visible {
    outline: 3px solid rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.22);
    outline-offset: -3px;
}

.accordion-item.active .accordion-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.08) 0%, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.12) 100%);
    color: #0891B2;
}

.accordion-icon {
    width: 34px;
    height: 34px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.1);
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1;
    color: #0891B2;
    transition: transform 0.36s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1), background 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.accordion-item.active .accordion-icon {
    transform: rotate(45deg);
    background: #0891B2;
    color: var(--white);
}

.accordion-body {
    max-height: 0;
    opacity: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: max-height 0.36s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1), opacity 0.36s ease;
}

.accordion-body-inner {
    padding: 0 var(--space-xl) var(--space-lg);
    color: var(--text-muted);
    line-height: 1.8;
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    transition: transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.accordion-item.active .accordion-body-inner {
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Archives volume accordion */
.volume-meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-md);
    align-items: center;
}

.volume-year {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.issue-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: var(--space-lg);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.05) 0%, rgba(6, 182, 212, 0.05) 100%);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
}

.issue-row:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.1) 0%, rgba(6, 182, 212, 0.1) 100%);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.15);
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

.issue-row .issue-info strong {
    color: var(--navy);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.issue-row .issue-info span {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* ===================================
   15. MODAL
   =================================== */
.modal-overlay {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(10, 22, 40, 0.6);
    backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
    display: none;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    z-index: 2000;
    padding: 1.5rem;
}

.modal-overlay.active {
    display: flex;
}

.modal {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 600px;
    max-height: 90vh;
    overflow-y: auto;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
    animation: modalIn 0.3s ease;
}

@keyframes modalIn {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(30px);
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.modal-head {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: var(--space-lg);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
}

.modal-head h3 {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
}

.modal-close {
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.modal-close:hover {
    background: var(--teal);
    color: var(--white);
}

.modal-body {
    padding: var(--space-lg);
}

.cite-tabs {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.cite-tab {
    padding: 0.45rem 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.cite-tab.active {
    background: var(--gradient-teal);
    color: var(--white);
}

.cite-text {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    padding: var(--space-md);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--teal);
}

/* ===================================
   16. ARTICLE DETAIL PAGE
   =================================== */
.article-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 340px;
    gap: var(--space-2xl);
    align-items: start;
}

.article-main h1 {
    font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3.5vw, 2.4rem);
    line-height: 1.25;
    margin: var(--space-sm) 0;
}

.article-authors-line {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--teal-dark);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
}

.article-meta-line {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-md);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    padding: var(--space-md) 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
}

.article-meta-line .mi {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
}

.article-meta-line .mi strong {
    color: var(--navy);
}

.tabs-nav {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.tab-btn {
    padding: 0.8rem 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;
    margin-bottom: -2px;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.tab-btn:hover {
    color: var(--teal);
}

.tab-btn.active {
    color: var(--teal);
    border-bottom-color: var(--teal);
}

.tab-panel {
    display: none;
}

.tab-panel.active {
    display: block;
    animation: fadeIn 0.4s ease;
}

.tab-panel h2 {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin: var(--space-lg) 0 var(--space-sm);
}

.tab-panel p {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.note-box {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    padding: var(--space-md);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-top: var(--space-lg);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--gold);
}

.references-list li {
    padding: var(--space-sm) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Sticky sidebar */
.article-sidebar {
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--space-md);
}

.sidebar-box {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: var(--space-lg);
}

.sidebar-box h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
    padding-bottom: var(--space-sm);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
}

.info-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 0.4rem 0;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.info-row span:first-child {
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.info-row span:last-child {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--navy);
}

.share-row {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.share-btn {
    flex: 1;
    height: 42px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: var(--bg-light);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--navy);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.share-btn:hover {
    background: var(--teal);
    color: var(--white);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.related-item {
    display: block;
    padding: var(--space-sm) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.related-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.related-item:hover {
    color: var(--teal);
}

/* ===================================
   17. SUBMISSION TIMELINE
   =================================== */
.timeline {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: var(--space-sm);
    position: relative;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.timeline::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 28px;
    left: 5%;
    right: 5%;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--border-light);
    z-index: 0;
}

.timeline-step {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 130px;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.timeline-num {
    width: 56px;
    height: 56px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--gradient-teal);
    color: var(--white);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-sm);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-teal);
}

.timeline-step h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}

.timeline-step p {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* Article types table */
.data-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.data-table th {
    background: var(--navy);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: var(--space-md);
    text-align: left;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.data-table td {
    padding: var(--space-md);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.data-table tr:hover td {
    background: var(--bg-light);
}

/* ===================================
   18. CONTACT PAGE
   =================================== */
.contact-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.3fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-2xl);
}

.contact-info-card {
    background: var(--gradient-navy);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: var(--space-xl);
}

.contact-info-card h3 {
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
}

.contact-item {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-md);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
}

.contact-item .ci-icon {
    width: 48px;
    height: 48px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.contact-item .ci-label {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
    margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}

.contact-item .ci-value {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--white);
}

.map-placeholder {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border: 2px dashed var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    height: 240px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-top: var(--space-lg);
}

/* ===================================
   19. ABOUT PAGE TABS - PREMIUM
   =================================== */
.about-tabs {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-2xl);
    padding: 1rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.05) 0%, rgba(6, 182, 212, 0.05) 100%);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    border: 1px solid rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.1);
}

.about-tab {
    padding: 0.8rem 1.75rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #1a2e3a;
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.15);
    transition: all 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
    cursor: pointer;
    position: relative;
}

.about-tab::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 2px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #0891B2, #06B6D4);
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transform-origin: left;
    transition: transform 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
}

.about-tab:hover {
    background: rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.08);
    border-color: #0891B2;
    color: #0891B2;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.15);
}

.about-tab:hover::before {
    transform: scaleX(1);
}

.about-tab.active {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0891B2 0%, #06B6D4 100%);
    color: var(--white);
    border-color: #0891B2;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(8, 145, 178, 0.3);
}

.about-tab.active::before {
    display: none;
}

.about-section-block {
    display: none;
    animation: fadeIn 0.4s ease;
}

.about-section-block.active {
    display: block;
    animation: fadeIn 0.4s ease;
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(10px);
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.prose p {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.prose h3 {
    margin: var(--space-lg) 0 var(--space-sm);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    color: var(--navy);
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.prose h3::before {
    content: '';
    display: inline-block;
    width: 3px;
    height: 1.4rem;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #0891B2, #06B6D4);
    margin-right: 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.prose ul {
    padding-left: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.prose ul li {
    list-style: none;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 1rem;
}

.prose ul li::before {
    content: '✓';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    color: #0891B2;
    font-weight: 700;
    width: 1rem;
}

.metric-cards {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-lg);
}

.metric-box {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: var(--space-lg);
    text-align: center;
}

.metric-box .mb-num {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 2.25rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--teal);
}

.metric-box .mb-lbl {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.metric-box .mb-lbl {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* Hero Card Title & Meta */
.hero-card h4,
.card-title {
    color: #1a2e3a;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    display: block;
}

.card-vol,
.issue-meta {
    color: #5a8a9a;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    display: block;
}

.card-pub {
    color: #7aaabb;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.125rem;
    display: block;
}

.btn-light {
    background: var(--white);
    color: #1a3a4a;
}

.btn-light:hover {
    background: #f8f8f8;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    color: #1a6b8a;
}

.btn-view {
    background: transparent;
    border: 2px solid #1a3a4a;
    color: #1a3a4a;
    border-radius: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.625rem 0;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    cursor: pointer;
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.btn-view:hover {
    background: #1a3a4a;
    color: var(--white);
}

/* ===================================
   20. FOOTER
   =================================== */
.footer {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0A1628 0%, #112a45 100%);
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
    padding: var(--space-3xl) 0 0;
    position: relative;
}

.footer::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 1px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(6, 182, 212, 0.3), transparent);
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.6fr 1fr 1fr 1.2fr;
    gap: var(--space-xl);
    padding-bottom: var(--space-2xl);
}

.footer-brand-name {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 900;
    color: var(--teal-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.footer-desc {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.footer-social {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.6rem;
}

.footer-social a {
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: rgba(6, 182, 212, 0.12);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    border: 1px solid rgba(6, 182, 212, 0.25);
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
}

.footer-social a:hover {
    background: var(--teal);
    color: var(--navy);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    border-color: var(--teal);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(6, 182, 212, 0.25);
}

.footer-col h4 {
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.footer-col ul li {
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
}

.footer-col ul li a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.footer-col ul li a:hover {
    color: var(--teal-light);
    padding-left: 0.3rem;
}

.footer-info-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    padding: 0.4rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

.footer-info-row span:last-child {
    color: var(--teal-light);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    padding: var(--space-md) 0;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.footer-bottom-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.footer-bottom-links a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.footer-bottom-links a:hover {
    color: var(--teal-light);
}

/* ===================================
   21. SCROLL ANIMATIONS
   =================================== */
.reveal {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(30px);
    transition: opacity 0.7s ease, transform 0.7s ease;
}

.reveal.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Safety fallback — if JS fails or is slow, still show content */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .reveal {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: none;
        transition: none;
    }
}

/* Fallback: show all after 1s via CSS animation */
.reveal {
    animation: revealFallback 0.1s ease 1.5s forwards;
}

@keyframes revealFallback {
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.reveal.visible {
    animation: none;
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
    }
}

/* ===================================
   22. RESPONSIVE - PREMIUM MOBILE
   =================================== */

/* Tablet & Large Mobile (1024px and below) */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .article-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
        gap: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .category-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
        gap: var(--space-md);
    }

    .feature-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
        gap: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .editor-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
        gap: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .article-layout {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-xl);
    }

    .article-sidebar {
        position: static;
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
        gap: var(--space-md);
    }

    .current-issue {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .issue-cover {
        padding: var(--space-xl) var(--space-lg);
    }

    .contact-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .metric-cards {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }

    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-lg);
    }

    /* Footer Mobile Styles */
    .footer-brand-name {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .footer-desc {
        font-size: 0.875rem;
    }

    .footer-col h4 {
        font-size: 1rem;
        margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .footer-col ul li {
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }

    .footer-col ul li a {
        font-size: 0.875rem;
    }

    .footer-social {
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }

    .footer-social a {
        width: 40px;
        height: 40px;
        font-size: 0.875rem;
    }

    .footer-info-row {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.25rem;
        padding: 0.5rem 0;
    }

    .footer-bottom {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        padding: var(--space-lg) 0;
        gap: var(--space-sm);
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    .footer-bottom-links {
        justify-content: center;
        gap: 1rem;
    }

    .news-grid {
        gap: var(--space-md);
    }
}

/* Mobile & Tablet (768px and below) */
@media (max-width: 768px) {

    /* Cards and Grids */
    .article-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-md);
    }

    .article-card {
        padding: var(--space-md);
    }

    .article-card h3 {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
        -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    }

    .article-card .abstract {
        font-size: 0.875rem;
        -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    }

    .article-card .card-actions {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }

    .article-card .card-actions .btn {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .category-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
        gap: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .category-card {
        padding: var(--space-md) var(--space-sm);
    }

    .category-card .cat-icon {
        width: 52px;
        height: 52px;
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .category-card .cat-name {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }

    .feature-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-md);
    }

    .feature-card {
        padding: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .feature-icon {
        width: 56px;
        height: 56px;
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .feature-card h3 {
        font-size: 1.15rem;
    }

    .feature-card p {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .editor-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
        gap: var(--space-md);
    }

    .editor-card {
        padding: var(--space-md);
    }

    .editor-avatar {
        width: 80px;
        height: 80px;
        font-size: 1.6rem;
        border-width: 3px;
    }

    .editor-card .editor-name {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .editor-card .editor-cred {
        font-size: 0.75rem;
    }

    .editor-card .editor-inst {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    /* News and Announcements */
    .news-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .news-card {
        padding: var(--space-md);
        gap: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .news-date {
        width: 56px;
        height: 56px;
    }

    .news-date .day {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }

    .news-content h4 {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    .news-content p {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }

    /* Current Issue */
    .issue-cover {
        padding: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .issue-cover .ic-vol {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }

    .issue-cover .ic-journal {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .issue-toc h3 {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }

    .toc-list .toc-num {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .toc-list .toc-title {
        font-size: 0.875rem;
    }

    /* Forms */
    .form-row {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .form-card {
        padding: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .form-control {
        padding: 0.75rem 0.9rem;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    /* Newsletter */
    .newsletter {
        padding: var(--space-xl);
    }

    .newsletter h2 {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
    }

    .newsletter p {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    .newsletter-form {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }

    .newsletter-form input {
        padding: 0.85rem 1.1rem;
    }

    /* Timeline */
    .timeline {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: var(--space-md);
    }

    .timeline::before {
        display: none;
    }

    .timeline-step {
        min-width: 100%;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        gap: var(--space-md);
        text-align: left;
    }

    .timeline-num {
        width: 48px;
        height: 48px;
        font-size: 1.2rem;
        flex-shrink: 0;
        margin: 0;
    }

    .timeline-step h4 {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    .timeline-step p {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    /* Indexing Strip */
    .indexing-strip {
        gap: var(--space-md);
    }

    .index-logo {
        min-width: 120px;
        padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-md);
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    /* Article Detail Page */
    .article-layout {
        gap: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .article-main h1 {
        font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 4vw, 2rem);
    }

    .article-authors-line {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .article-meta-line {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        gap: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .tabs-nav {
        gap: 0.25rem;
        overflow-x: auto;
        -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
        scrollbar-width: none;
    }

    .tabs-nav::-webkit-scrollbar {
        display: none;
    }

    .tab-btn {
        padding: 0.7rem 1.1rem;
        font-size: 0.875rem;
        white-space: nowrap;
    }

    .tab-panel h2 {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }

    .tab-panel p {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .article-sidebar {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .sidebar-box {
        padding: var(--space-md);
    }

    /* Auth Pages */
    .auth-wrap {
        padding: var(--space-lg) 1rem;
    }

    .auth-card {
        padding: var(--space-xl);
    }

    .auth-card h1 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    /* Page Header */
    .page-header {
        padding: var(--space-xl) 0 var(--space-lg);
    }

    .page-header h1 {
        font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 5vw, 2.25rem);
    }

    .page-header p {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    /* Accordion */
    .accordion-header {
        padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-md);
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    .accordion-body-inner {
        padding: 0 var(--space-md) var(--space-md);
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    /* Modal */
    .modal {
        max-width: 95%;
    }

    .modal-head {
        padding: var(--space-md);
    }

    .modal-head h3 {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
    }

    .modal-body {
        padding: var(--space-md);
    }

    /* Data Table */
    .data-table {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }

    .data-table th,
    .data-table td {
        padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-sm);
    }

    /* Filter Tabs */
    .filter-tabs {
        gap: 0.4rem;
        overflow-x: auto;
        justify-content: flex-start;
        -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
        scrollbar-width: none;
        padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }

    .filter-tabs::-webkit-scrollbar {
        display: none;
    }

    .filter-tab {
        padding: 0.55rem 1.1rem;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        white-space: nowrap;
    }

    /* Badges */
    .cat-badge {
        font-size: 0.68rem;
        padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem;
    }
}

/* Small Mobile (480px and below) */
@media (max-width: 480px) {

    /* Category Grid */
    .category-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .category-card {
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        gap: var(--space-md);
        padding: var(--space-md);
        text-align: left;
    }

    .category-card .cat-icon {
        width: 48px;
        height: 48px;
        font-size: 1.4rem;
        margin: 0;
    }

    .category-card .cat-name {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        flex: 1;
    }

    /* Editor Grid */
    .editor-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .editor-card {
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        gap: var(--space-md);
        text-align: left;
        padding: var(--space-md);
    }

    .editor-avatar {
        width: 70px;
        height: 70px;
        font-size: 1.4rem;
        margin: 0;
    }

    .editor-card .editor-name {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    /* Metric Cards */
    .metric-cards {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-sm);
    }

    /* Footer Grid */
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .footer {
        padding: var(--space-2xl) 0 0;
    }

    .footer-grid {
        padding-bottom: var(--space-xl);
    }

    .footer-brand-name {
        font-size: 1.4rem;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .footer-desc {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .footer-social {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .footer-col {
        text-align: center;
    }

    .footer-col h4 {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    .footer-col ul li a {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        display: inline-block;
    }

    .footer-info-row {
        text-align: center;
    }

    .footer-bottom {
        padding: var(--space-md) 0;
    }

    .footer-bottom-links {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }

    /* Forms */
    .form-card,
    .auth-card {
        padding: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .auth-card h1 {
        font-size: 1.35rem;
    }

    /* Article Cards */
    .article-card {
        padding: var(--space-md);
    }

    .article-card h3 {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .article-card .authors {
        font-size: 0.82rem;
    }

    /* Feature Cards */
    .feature-card {
        padding: var(--space-md);
    }

    .feature-icon {
        width: 50px;
        height: 50px;
        font-size: 1.35rem;
        margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .feature-card h3 {
        font-size: 1.05rem;
    }

    .feature-card p {
        font-size: 0.875rem;
    }

    /* Current Issue */
    .current-issue {
        padding: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .issue-cover {
        padding: var(--space-lg) var(--space-md);
    }

    .issue-cover .ic-vol {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .issue-toc h3 {
        font-size: 1.15rem;
        margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .toc-list li {
        padding: var(--space-sm) 0;
    }

    /* News Card */
    .news-card {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }

    .news-date {
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
        flex-direction: row;
        justify-content: center;
        gap: 0.5rem;
        padding: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .news-date .day {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .news-date .month {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }

    /* Newsletter */
    .newsletter {
        padding: var(--space-lg);
        border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    }

    .newsletter h2 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .newsletter p {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    }

    /* Indexing Strip */
    .indexing-strip {
        gap: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .index-logo {
        min-width: 100px;
        padding: var(--space-sm);
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }

    /* Article Detail */
    .article-main h1 {
        font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 5vw, 1.75rem);
    }

    .tabs-nav {
        flex-wrap: nowrap;
    }

    .tab-btn {
        padding: 0.65rem 0.95rem;
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    /* Accordion */
    .accordion-header {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    /* Page Header */
    .page-header {
        padding: var(--space-lg) 0 var(--space-md);
    }

    .page-header h1 {
        font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 6vw, 2rem);
    }

    /* Contact Grid */
    .contact-info-card {
        padding: var(--space-lg);
    }

    .contact-item {
        gap: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .contact-item .ci-icon {
        width: 42px;
        height: 42px;
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    /* Share Buttons */
    .share-row {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
    }

    .share-btn {
        min-width: calc(50% - 0.25rem);
    }

    /* Timeline Mobile Layout */
    .timeline-step {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .timeline-num {
        margin: 0 auto var(--space-sm);
    }

    /* Data Table Responsive */
    .data-table {
        display: block;
        overflow-x: auto;
        -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
        white-space: nowrap;
    }

    /* Modal */
    .modal-overlay {
        padding: 1rem;
    }

    .modal-head {
        padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-md);
    }

    .modal-body {
        padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-md);
    }

    .modal-head h3 {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .cite-tabs {
        gap: 0.3rem;
    }

    .cite-tab {
        padding: 0.4rem 0.85rem;
        font-size: 0.75rem;
    }

    .cite-text {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        padding: var(--space-sm);
    }
}

/* Extra Small Devices (360px and below) */
@media (max-width: 360px) {
    .article-card {
        padding: var(--space-sm);
    }

    .feature-card {
        padding: var(--space-sm) var(--space-md);
    }

    .editor-avatar {
        width: 60px;
        height: 60px;
        font-size: 1.2rem;
    }

    .editor-card .editor-name {
        font-size: 0.875rem;
    }

    .news-date .day {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }

    .newsletter {
        padding: var(--space-md);
    }

    .newsletter h2 {
        font-size: 1.35rem;
    }

    .index-logo {
        min-width: 90px;
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    .tab-btn {
        padding: 0.6rem 0.85rem;
        font-size: 0.75rem;
    }
}

/* ===================================
   23. PRINT STYLES (article page)
   =================================== */
@media print {

    .topbar,
    .navbar,
    .footer,
    .article-sidebar,
    .tabs-nav {
        display: none;
    }

    .article-layout {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    body {
        color: #000;
    }

    a {
        color: #000;
        text-decoration: underline;
    }
}